Revolving nose-piece for microscopes



A ril 9, i935. F. HAUSER 1,996,920

REVOLVING NOSE PIECE FOR MICROSCOPES Filed Sept. 11, 1933 Patented Apr,9 1935 r i I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE REVOLVING NOSE-PIECE rmcnoscorns Friedrich Hauser, Jena, Germany, assignor to firm Carl Zeiss,Jena, Germany Application September 11, 1933, Serial No. 688,960 .InGermany September 14, 1932 2 Claims. (CI. 88-39) The present inventionrelates to revolving ncsefocusing movements of the microscope tube,would pieces for microscopes, which are to be used in be in their way.To overcome the said difliculty, 4 observations with incident light.Observations of the axis of rotation of the nose-piece is made to thiskind may be effected either by means of obie in, a plane i d at app a yla- 5 jectives which, themselves, form part of the illutively to theplane of symmetry of the microscope 5 mination system or which areconnected to constand, which means that the illumination device denserssurrounding the objectives in a ring-like may -be disposed at one sideof the microscope manner, a so-called light-field illumination beingtube, that is to say in a plane approximately at obtained in the formerand a dark-field illuminaright angles to the said plane of symmetry.

tion-in the latter case. On account of the com- The accompanyingdrawing, which illustrates 10 paratively great diameter of dark-fieldsystems the invention, represents a constructional examconsisting of acondenser and an objective, only ple of a revolving nose-piece for threecompound one system of the said kind has been attached to dark-fieldsystems. Figure 1 shows the revolving the tube, and when anothermagnification is renose-piece with the dark-field systems and the quiredit is generally necessary to remove the one illumination device inelevation, partly in section. 15 compound system and to attach anothersuch Figure 2 represents the revolving nose-piece in system. To overcomethis inconvenience is the plan view, and Figure 3 shows the rotatablepart object of the invention. of the nose-piece in a section throughline A-A The invention provides a. revolving nose-piece in Figure 2. I

which may receive condensers that surround the The revolving nose-piecehas a spherical socket 20 objectives in a ring-like manner. The light isa which may be given the prescribed position directed to the condensersin the known way from and attached to the microscope tube in y one sideby means of a lateral source of light'and s r d er. o t p p the Socket(1 Of a reflecting system which is inclined relatively the examplerepresented in the drawing (Figure to the optical axis of the objective,From rea- 1) is screwed to a slide 2). The microscope tube is 25 sonsnot far to seek, the idea will suggest itself to b Provided With pondingslide guide to dispose this reflecting system between the in such amanner that the pla of y e y 0f microscope tube and the revolvingnose-piece. the microscope stand assumes the position'repre- Thisconstruction however, is not very advansented by the line BB in Figure2. The axis of tageous in that the tube length for the observatheillumination device lies in a plane at right 30 tion is increased andthe pencil of illumination angles to the said plane of symmetry. Thesocket rays is to cover a comparatively long distance bea iscylindrically bored and contains a plane antween the reflecting systemand the condens'er, nular mirror 0 which is inclined at 45 to the axisit being therefore more convenient to place the of the bore. Oppositethe reflecting surface of 3.5 inclined reflecting system inside thesocket to this mirror 0, a lateral tube dis fixed to the socket whichthe revolving part .of the nose piece is ata. In the other end of thetubed is mounted a tached. converging lens e, and this other end isscrewed As a rule, the usual revolving nose-pieces areso into a lamphousing j-containing a glow-lamp g attached to the microscope stand thattheir axis whose holder h is kept in correct position by 40 of rotationcoincides with the axis of symmetry means of a clamping screw i. 40

of the microscope stand. The lateral supply of The revolving part of thenose-piece is a hemilight to the reflecting system in the socket for thespherical bowl lc. The axle about which this part nose-piece requireshowever a'diflerent attachrotates is a screw 2 whose axis lies in aplane dement of the nose-piece to the microscope stand. termined by theline A -A and a line at right an- With the great majority of microscopesit is not gles to the plane in which Figure 2 is represented.- 45possible in this case to give the axis of rotation in the drawing.Accordingly, the plane containsuch an otherwise self-evidentpositionrelative ing the axis of the screw 1 is inclined at 45 relatothe ray entrance aperture that it lies in the, tively to the symmetryplane BB of the microplane at right angles to the plane of symmetryscope stand as well as to the axis of the illuminaof the microscopestand, the impracticabilitv of tion device. The hemi-spherical bowl Itcontains 50 this construction being due tothe fact that the threeapertures it having female threads m, one revolving nose-piece and thecompound. dark-field compound dark-field system being screwed intosystems require too much space and cannot be each aperture. Thesedark-field systems consist turned freely because one part or another ofthe of a. microscope objective 0, which is screwed by E microscopestand,Ior the guide for the means of a nut p to a bored plano-parallel glass55 plate 'q, and a condenser 1', which surrounds the objective 0 in aring-like manner and is so screwed into a ring s as to support the glassplate q. The ring s has a male thread t by means of which the system isattached 'to the revolving part k of the nose-piece.

When using the device, the slide b is placed on the slide-guide on themicroscope tube, and the glow-lamp g is connected up. By means of thescrew 2', the holder h of the glow-lamp g is clamped in the lamp housingfin such a position that the focus of the lens e lies in theincandescent fila-' ment, as a consequence of which the illuminationrays refracted by the lens e are approximately parallel to each other.The reflector c deflects these illumination rays downwardly at rightangles. Subsequently to having traversed the glass plate q, the saidrays are combined by the condenser at a point in the focusing plane ofthe microscope objective 0. When a difierent microscopic magnificationis required, the hemi-spherical bowl is is rotated about the screw 1until the desired dark-field system takes the place of the onerepresented in section in Figure l. The images produced by theobjectives 0 are observed through the bore in the mirror c.

Iclaim: a

1. A revolving nose-piece for microscopes, comprising a part adapted tobe attached to a microscope tube and another part rotatably mounted onthe first said part, this other part being adapted to receive aplurality of condensers, each of the condensers being adapted tosurround an objective, the nose-piece having further a reflecting systemdisposed in the first said part and adapted to direct light emanatingfrom one side to the condenser.

2. A revolving nose-piece for microscopes, comprising a part adapted tobe attached to a microscope tube and another part rotatably mounted onthe first said part, this other part being adapted to receive aplurality of condensers, each of the condensers being adapted tosurround an objec-

